This is an unofficial reference manual for
LaTeX. See below for the Table of Contents.
If you want a tutorial then please instead visit learnlatex.org or
see this long list.
This manual has two versions. One has separate web pages for each section or subsection. It's also available as a single web page and as a pdf. Translations to French and Spanish are available at https://ctan.org/pkg/latex2e-help-texinfo; they're maintained separately.
This document is not official. It has not been reviewed by the LaTeX maintainers. Our ultimate goal is to cover all (non-private) LaTeX commands. Your comments and contributions, including bug reports, are very welcome. See our project page for more, including license information and information on how you can contribute to this manual as well as mirror it.
This document is an unofficial reference manual (version of January 2025) for LaTeX2e, a document preparation system.
fontenc package
\DeclareFontEncoding\DeclareTextAccent\DeclareTextAccentDefault\DeclareTextCommand & \ProvideTextCommand\DeclareTextCommandDefault & \ProvideTextCommandDefault \DeclareTextComposite\DeclareTextCompositeCommand\DeclareTextSymbol\DeclareTextSymbolDefault\LastDeclaredEncoding\UseTextSymbol & \UseTextAccentabstractarraycenter
descriptiondisplaymathdocument
enumerateeqnarrayequationfigurefilecontentsflushleft
flushright
itemizeletter environment: writing letterslist
mathminipagepicture
quotation & quotetabbing
tabletabular
thebibliography
theoremtitlepageverbatim
verse\newcommand & \renewcommand
\providecommand\makeatletter & \makeatother\@ifstar\newcounter: Allocating a counter\newlength\newsavebox\newenvironment & \renewenvironment\newtheorem\newfont\protect\ignorespaces & \ignorespacesafterendxspace package\AtBeginDvi & \AtEndDvi\AtEndOfClass & \AtEndOfPackage\CheckCommand\ClassError and \PackageError and other messages\CurrentOption\DeclareOption\DeclareRobustCommand\ExecuteOptions\IfFileExists & \InputIfFileExists\LoadClass & \LoadClassWithOptions\NeedsTeXFormat\OptionNotUsed\PassOptionsToClass & \PassOptionsToPackage\ProcessOptions\ProvidesClass & \ProvidesPackage\ProvidesFile\RequirePackage & \RequirePackageWithOptions\enspace & \quad & \qquad\hspace\hfill\hss\spacefactor
\ ~, \nobreakspace\thinspace & \negthinspace\/\hrulefill & \dotfill\bigskip & \medskip & \smallskip\bigbreak & \medbreak & \smallbreak\strut\vspace\vfill\addvspace